小菊新品种‘枫林黄星’和‘枫林红晕’     

张蒙蒙  戴思兰  王青  方志军  季玉山  王朔 《园艺学报》2019,46(1):197-198

小菊新品种‘枫林黄星’是以‘Branice Sunny’为母本,‘183’株系为父本经人工杂交选育而成,舌状花亮黄色,头状花序直径3.7 cm,冠幅63.8 cm,单株着花1 007朵。‘枫林红晕’是以‘388’株系为母本,从德国引进的多个品种为父本混合授粉选育而成,舌状花中上部粉色,下部白色,头状花序直径3.6 cm,冠幅60.2 cm,单株着花847朵。两个新品种冠幅大,株形紧凑丰满,呈半圆形,群体效果良好,适于北京地区秋季绿化。  相似文献   

桃若干重要特异性状的遗传趋向分析     

王力荣  王蛟  朱更瑞  方伟超  王新卫  陈昌文  曹珂 《园艺学报》2017,44(2):223-232

为了明确桃树菊花花形、窄叶形、白化与黄化叶色及盘龙形与垂枝形树形等6个性状的遗传特性,以‘粉菊花桃’ב红根甘肃桃1号’、‘红花重瓣垂枝桃’(简称‘红垂枝’)ב粉菊花桃’、‘S9’ב粉菊花桃’、‘粉菊花桃’ב瑞光2号’、‘红珊瑚’×(‘粉菊花桃’ב瑞光2号’)为组合配制F_1和F_2代,研究菊花花形、叶片白化及垂枝树形的遗传特性;以‘98-4-32’ב金蜜狭叶桃’、‘99-7-14’ב金蜜狭叶桃’及‘99-7-15’ב金蜜狭叶桃’为组合配制F_1和F_2代,研究窄叶形遗传趋向;以‘北京2-7’ב白花山碧桃’为组合配制F_1和F_2代,研究叶片黄化遗传特点;以‘红垂枝’ב帚形山桃’及‘96-7-56’ב帚形山桃’为组合配制F_1和F_2代,研究盘龙形树形的遗传。结果表明:在蔷薇花形与菊花花形组合中,"蔷薇形/菊花形"表现出2对等位基因(Ch/ch及Ch_2/ch_2)控制的遗传特性,且蔷薇形对菊花形为显性;在铃形花形与菊花花形组合中,F_1代蔷薇形表现为二者的中间类型。在‘98-4-32’ב金蜜狭叶桃’及‘99-7-14’ב金蜜狭叶桃’组合中,"宽叶/窄叶"表现出2对等位基因(Nl/nl及Nl_2/nl_2)控制的遗传特性,且宽叶对窄叶为显性;在‘99-7-15’ב金蜜狭叶桃’组合中,"宽叶/窄叶"表现出1对等位基因控制的遗传特性。叶片"正常/白化"表现出1对等位基因(Wl/wl)控制的遗传特性,且正常对白化为显性,白化基因可能来自‘粉菊花桃’;叶片"正常/黄化"表现出2对等位基因(Yl/yl及Yl_2/yl_2)控制的遗传特性,其中1对为显性时对另一对具有抑制作用,黄化基因可能来自‘白花山碧桃’。直立树形同时表现为盘龙形与垂枝形及盘龙形与开张形的中间类型;"开张形/垂枝形"表现出1对等位基因(We/we)控制的遗传特性,且开张对垂枝为显性。结论:菊花花形由2对隐性基因(chchch_2ch_2)控制;窄叶形可能由2对隐性基因(nlnlnl_2nl_2)控制;叶片白化由1对隐性基因(wlwl)控制;叶片黄化可能由2对等位基因(Yl_yl_2yl_2或Yl_2_ylyl)控制;仅盘龙形与直立形由1对等位基因(Br_2/br_2)控制,其中盘龙形基因型为br_2br_2;垂枝形由1对隐性基因(wewe)控制。  相似文献   

农业基本建设项目设计管理的几个关键因素     

罗志恒  方程 《热带作物学报》2011,(2):60-63

工程设计是建设项目生命期中的重要环节之一，指出了做好限额设计、合同管理、方案比选、初步设计、设计变更等管理控制工作，对有效实现项目的质量、投资、进度三大控制目标的重要意义。  相似文献   

新时代土壤化学前沿进展与展望   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

李芳柏  徐仁扣  谭文峰  周顺桂  刘同旭  石振清  方利平  刘承帅  刘芳华  李晓敏  冯雄汉  吴云当 《土壤学报》2020,57(5):1088-1104

土壤化学是重要的土壤学基础分支学科。在回顾了土壤化学发展历程的基础上,梳理了土壤化学的四个前沿交叉方向,并展望了土壤化学与其他相关学科的交叉发展趋势,以期寻求新的学科增长点。土壤化学经历了从恒电荷到可变电荷土壤学说演变,我国在土壤电化学、根际土壤化学、土壤化学-物理-微生物界面反应等方向逐步领跑。新时代中国已经发展成为国际土壤化学的研究中心之一,尤其在土壤化学与微生物学、地球化学、矿物学、环境化学等交叉领域取得了突破性发展。同时,发展并运用同步辐射、微流控联用光谱能谱、高分辨显微镜、光谱电化学等实时、原位、高精度研究方法,推动土壤化学研究取得了长足的进步。新时代的土壤化学具有三个重要发展趋势,首先系统揭示地球表层系统中物质循环与能量交换的土壤化学机制,实现"0到1"的土壤化学原创性成果的突破;其次需要综合运用地球表层系统理论,从多界面、多要素、多过程的"三多"交互耦合;再次,需要加强与地球宜居性这一人类重大命题的交叉融合,为生态文明建设、土壤污染防治攻坚战、全球变化等国家重大需求提供理论支持。  相似文献   

我国猕猴桃产业发展现状及对策建议     

齐秀娟  郭丹丹  王然  钟云鹏  方金豹 《果树学报》2020,(5):754-763

近年来我国猕猴桃产业发展迅速,产业发展潜力很大,但由于起步较晚、主导品种不明确、管理技术体系落后、质量标准体系不完善等原因,仍然存在诸多问题。主要问题包括(:1)尽管采收面积和产量均位居世界第一位,但单位面积产量低,而且生产总量占水果总量的比例仍然很小(;2)果实品质较差,进口单价始终高于出口单价,进出口贸易逆差明显。笔者通过对国内外猕猴桃生产、贸易数据的统计分析和产业调研,总结产业发展现状,梳理出我国猕猴桃产业存在的主要问题,并分析产生的原因,为促进我国猕猴桃产业健康发展提出对策及建议。  相似文献   

Transplantation of human amnion epithelial cells improves learning and memory function in Alzheimer's disease-like pathology rat model     

DONG Shi-tao  FANG Ning  HU Long-miao  CHEN Dai-xiong  ZHAO Chun-hua 《园艺学报》2015,31(11):2039-2046

AIM: To observe the treatment effect and its immune regulation of human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs) on Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathology rat model. METHODS: The hAECs were isolated from amnion with trypsin digestion, and the phenotype of hAECs was analyzed by flow cytometry. SD rats (n=48) were randomly divided into sham control group, model group, medium group and hAECs group. AD-like pathology rat model was induced by bilateral intraventricular injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). hAECs (5×10⁵) were injected into the hippocampus of the AD-like pathology rats. At 2 weeks after transplantation, the animals were tested by Morris water maze to observe the function of learning and memory. The pathological change of the brain was observed by HE staining. The expression of amyloid β-protein 42(Aβ42) and Tau protein and the level of acetylcholine (ACh) in the injury brain were determined by immunohistochemistry. The survival and differentiation of hAECs in the hippocampus were measured by immunofluorescent technique. The percentages of lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The contents of serum cytokines were detected by cytometric bead array. RESULTS: Compared with model group and medium group, hAECs group showed shortened escape latency (P<0.01), increased frequency of going through the platform (P<0.05), reduced loss of hippocampal neurons, decreased expression of Tau protein and Aβ42 in the hippocampus (P<0.05), increased ACh level in the hippocampus (P<0.05), decreased percentages of Th1 and Th17 subsets, increased percentages of Th2 and Treg cells (P<0.05), decreased concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-2 in the serum, and increased concentration of IL-4(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: hAECs improve the cognitive learning and memory function and alleviate pathologic damage of hippocampus through immune regulation in AD-like pathology rats.  相似文献   

基于加权Voronoi图的林木竞争指数   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

李际平  房晓娜  封尧  孙华  曹小玉  赵春燕  李建军 《北京林业大学学报》2015,37(3):61-68

以福寿山林场25年生的杉木生态公益林为研究对象,通过分析林木竞争指数与胸径生长因子的相关关系,得出二者为负相关,从而确定加权Voronoi图的权重为胸径倒数(W),借助Arcgis软件里的加权Voronoi图工具,通过加权Voronoi图的方法来确定竞争单元,提出基于加权Voronoi图的W_V_Hegyi竞争指数,最后将W_V_Hegyi竞争指数与Hegyi、V_Hegyi竞争指数进行对比分析,结果表明:1) 3种竞争指数与胸径相关性强弱排序为:W_V_HegyiV_HegyiHegyi;2) 3种竞争指数与胸径服从幂函数关系,曲线拟合度排序为:W_V_HegyiV_HegyiHegyi;3) 样地竞争指数平均值排序均为:V_HegyiW_V_HegyiHegyi。通过以上比较分析证明,W_V_Hegyi竞争指数比Hegyi、V_Hegyi竞争指数能更准确地反映林木间的竞争关系。   相似文献   

福建产业发展现状及前景     

姜翠翠  孙文鹏  叶新福  方智振  周丹蓉  潘少霖 《福建果树》2015,(2):33-38

(Prunus salicina Lindli.var cordata J.Y.Zhang et al.)属蔷薇科(Rosaceae),李属(Prunus),是原产福建的名、特、优水果之一,果桃形李实,酸甜适度,风味极佳,是南方的1种重要落叶果树。本文分析了福建省产业发展现状趋势,包括各市种植区域、面积和产量等,阐述了产业发展的具体优势,明确了福建省生产现状,为福建省今后发展种植提供参考价值。  相似文献   

Study on Anti-viral Effect of Rhubarb on Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus in vitro     

CHEN Tian-tian  CHENG Fu-liang  ZHANG Jian-mei  NIE Zhao-jing  FANG Dong  FAN Mei-na  LI Fu-hui  CHENG He-gang 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(9):2474-2480

The inhibitory effects of rhubarb on cell lesion, which was caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and its mechanism had been studied in this research.The maximum safe concentration of rhubarb solution applied to Vero cells was determined through morphological observation, and then the PEDV infected Vero cell model in vitro was established, by which the inhibitory effect of rhubarb on virus was studied.The experimental method had also been established based on this cell model.The result showed that the maximum safe concentration was 3.28 mg/mL.Both morphological observation and MTT assay were indicated that rhubarb could not only block the attachment of the virus to Vero cell and inhibit the synthesis and reproduction of the virus, but also could directly inactivate the virus.This research showed that rhubarb had an inhibitory effect on PEDV, and provided a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of clinical porcine epidemic diarrhea.  相似文献   

草类植物抗病机制研究进展     

张彩霞  方香玲 《草业学报》2023,32(1):203-215

草类植物病害是限制草牧业生产和发展的主要因素之一。目前抗病品种的开发利用是目前防治病害最经济有效的方法，植物抗病机制的研究对开发抗病品种和构建生态环境友好型病害防治至关重要。植物受病原菌侵染时形成多种复杂的防御机制，本研究主要从植物组织结构抗性、生理生化抗性、抗性基因和抗性数量性状位点（QTLs）定位等分子机制方面综述草类植物抗病机制研究进展，并提出我国草类植物抗病机制研究中面临的主要问题与解决办法，以期为草类植物抗病育种提供理论依据。  相似文献